Gelatin ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi mapuloteni opangidwa kuchokera ku nyama, khungu, ndi mafupa.Titha kumvetsetsa mosavuta minofu ndi khungu lodzaza ndi gelatin.Anthu ena amasokonezeka ndi momwe fupa lingapangire gelatin.
Mafupagelatinndi mtundu wa gelatin wotengedwa m'mafupa okha.Amapangidwa potulutsa kolajeni ku mafupa a nyama (kawirikawiri ng'ombe, nkhumba, kapena nkhuku) kudzera mu njira ya hydrolysis.Kuchotsa kumeneku kumaphatikizapo kuthyola mafupa mwa kuwira kwa nthawi yaitali kapena kuthandizidwa ndi ma enzyme.Gelatin yomwe imapezeka m'mafupa imakonzedwanso kuti ichotse zonyansa zilizonse ndikuziyika kukhala ufa kapena ma granules.Gelatin ya fupa ili imakhalabe ndi zinthu za gelatin, kuphatikizapo gelling, thickening, ndi kukhazikika mphamvu.
Kodi gelatin yopangidwa mu fakitale ndi chiyani?
Kupanga kwa fupa la gelatin kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo.Nayi chidule cha ndondomekoyi:
1. Gwero: Mafupa a nyama, nthawi zambiri a ng'ombe kapena nkhumba, amatengedwa ku malo ophera nyama kapena kumalo opangirako nyama.Mafupa amayenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba ndikuwunikiridwa kuti atsimikizire kuti ndi otetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito.Yambani gelatinndi yapadera mu fupa la gelatin lochokera ku ng'ombe, nkhumba, ndi nkhuku ndipo mafupawa ndi ochokera ku nyama zomwe zimadya m'malo opanda kuipitsidwa.
2. Kuyeretsa ndi Kusamalira: Tsukani bwino mafupa osonkhanitsidwa kuti muchotse litsiro, zinyalala, kapena minyewa yotsalira.Gawoli likhoza kuphatikizapo kuchapa, kuchapa, kapena kuchapa ndi makina.Pambuyo poyeretsa, fupa likhoza kudulidwa kapena kudulidwa kukhala tizidutswa tating'ono ting'ono kuti tigwire bwino ndi kukonza.
3. Hydrolysis: Mafupa okonzedwa kale amapangidwa ndi hydrolysis, yomwe imaphatikizapo kuwira kwa nthawi yaitali kapena chithandizo cha enzymatic.Kuphika mafupa m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri maola angapo, kumathandiza kuphwanya collagen yomwe ilipo m'mafupa.Kapenanso, ma enzymes angagwiritsidwe ntchito poyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mamolekyu a collagen.
4. Kusefedwa ndi kuchotsa: Pambuyo pa ndondomeko ya hydrolysis, fupa la msuzi limasiyanitsidwa ndi zotsalira zolimba za fupa ndi zonyansa.Njira zosefera, monga centrifugal kapena zosefera zamakina, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitheke kulekanitsa.Izi zimathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti kachigawo kakang'ono kamadzi kamene kamakhala ndi collagen kokha katsalira kuti kakonzedwenso.
5. Kuyikirapo ndi kuyeretsa: Ikani fupa la fupa kuti muwonjezere collagen ndikuchotsa madzi owonjezera.Izi zitha kutheka kudzera munjira zonga ngati nthunzi, kuyanika ndi vacuum, kapena kuyanika kozizira.Kenako mafutawo amayeretsedwa ndi kuyengedwa kudzera m’njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kusefera ndi mankhwala, kuti achotse zonyansa zonse zotsalazo.
5. Mapangidwe a Gelatin: Ma collagen oyeretsedwa amatha kuziziritsa mokhazikika musanayambe kukonza kuti apange gel osakaniza.Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusintha pH, kutentha, ndi zinthu zina kuti zilimbikitse mapangidwe a gel osakaniza.
7. Kuyanika ndi kulongedza: Gelatin imachotsedwa madzi kuti ichotse chinyezi chilichonse.Izi zikhoza kutheka ndi njira monga kuyanika mpweya wotentha kapena kuumitsa.The chifukwa fupa gelatin ndiye milled kapena pansi kwa ankafuna tinthu kukula ndi mmatumba mu chidebe choyenera, monga thumba kapena chidebe.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti tsatanetsatane wa mapangidwe a mafupa a gelatin amatha kusiyana pakati pa zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi opanga.Komabe, njira yonseyi imaphatikizapo njira zazikuluzikulu zochotsera kolajeni ku fupa ndikusintha kukhala gelatin.
Kodi kupanga gelatin fupa kunyumba?
Inde, tikhoza kupanga fupa la gelatin kunyumba.Kuti mupange fupa la gelatin kunyumba, mudzafunika zipangizo ndi zipangizo zotsatirazi:
Zida:
- Mafupa (monga nkhuku, ng'ombe, kapena mafupa a nkhumba)
- Madzi
Zida:
- Mphika waukulu
- Strainer kapena cheesecloth
- Chidebe chotengera gelatin
- Firiji
Nayi kalozera wam'munsi momwe mungapangire gelatin kuchokera ku mafupa kunyumba:
1. Tsukani mafupa: Yambani ndi kuyeretsa bwino mafupawo kuti muchotse zotsalira kapena dothi.Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mafupa a nyama yophika, onetsetsani kuti mwachotsa nyama iliyonse yotsala.
2. Kuswa mafupa: Kuchotsa gelatin, ndikofunika kuswa mafupa kukhala zidutswa zing'onozing'ono.Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyundo, mallet kapena chinthu china chilichonse cholemetsa kuti muphwanye.
3. Ikani mafupa mumphika: Ikani mafupa osweka mumphika waukulu ndi kuphimba ndi madzi.Mulingo wamadzi uyenera kukhala wokwanira kuti umitse mafupa onse.
4. Sinthirani mafupa:
Madzi akawira, kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kuphika kwa maola angapo.Pamene mafupa akuphika nthawi yayitali, gelatin imatulutsidwa.
5. Sefa madziwa: Mukamaliza kuwira, gwiritsani ntchito sefa kapena cheesecloth kuti musefa madziwo m'mafupa.Izi zidzachotsa tiziduswa tating'ono ta fupa kapena zonyansa.
6. Sungani madziwo mufiriji: Thirani madzi osefa m’chidebe ndi kuwaika m’firiji.Lolani madziwo kuti azizizira ndikusunga mufiriji kwa maola angapo kapena usiku wonse.
7. Chotsani gelatin: Madziwo atakhazikika ndikukhala gelatinous, chotsani chidebecho mufiriji.Chotsani mosamala mafuta aliwonse omwe apanga pamwamba.
8. Gwiritsani ntchito kapena sungani gelatin: Gelatin yodzipangira tokha tsopano ndiyokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maphikidwe osiyanasiyana, monga maswiti, soups, kapena ngati chowonjezera cha zakudya.Mutha kusunga gelatin iliyonse yosagwiritsidwa ntchito m'chidebe chopanda mpweya mufiriji kwa sabata.
Chidziwitso chofunikira: Ubwino ndi kuchuluka kwa gelatin yomwe imapezeka m'mafupa imatha kusiyana.Ngati mukufuna gelatin yowonjezera, mukhoza kubwereza ndondomekoyi powonjezera madzi atsopano ku mafupa ophwanyidwa ndikuyimirira kachiwiri.
Kumbukirani, gelatin yopangidwa kuchokera ku mafupa sangakhale ndi kugwirizana kapena kukoma kofanana ndi gelatin yopangidwa ndi malonda, koma ikhoza kukhala yowonjezera kwambiri pa maphikidwe anu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-16-2023