Gelatin ndi chiyani: momwe amapangira, ntchito, ndi phindu?

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito koyamba kwa gelatin kumayerekezedwa kuti kunalipo zaka 8000 zapitazo monga guluu. Ndipo kuyambira ku Roma kupita ku Aigupto mpaka ku Middle Ages, gelatin inali kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mwanjira ina. Masiku ano, gelatin imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse, kuyambira masiwiti mpaka zinthu zophika buledi mpaka zopaka pakhungu.

Ndipo ngati muli pano kuti muphunzire za, gelatin ndi chiyani, momwe imapangidwira, ntchito zake & maubwino ake, ndiye kuti muli pamalo oyenera.

Chithunzi 0 Kodi Gelatin ndi chiyani komanso komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito

Mndandanda

Gelatin ndi chiyani, ndipo amapangidwa bwanji?
Kodi gelatin imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji tsiku lililonse?
Kodi zamasamba ndi zamasamba zimatha kudya gelatin?
Kodi phindu la gelatin m'thupi la munthu ndi chiyani?

1) Gelatin ndi chiyani, ndipo amapangidwa bwanji?

Gelatin ndi puloteni yowonekera popanda mtundu kapena kukoma kwake. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku Collagen, yomwe ndi mapuloteni ochuluka kwambiri pa zinyama (25% ~ 30% ya mapuloteni onse).

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti gelatin siinalowe m'matupi a nyama; ndi chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa pokonza ziwalo za thupi zomwe zili ndi Collagen m'mafakitale. Ili ndi gelatin ya bovine, gelatin ya nsomba ndi gelatin ya nkhumba kutengera magwero osiyanasiyana.

Gelatin yofala kwambiri ndi gelatin ya chakudya ndi gelatin ya mankhwala chifukwa cha katundu wake wambiri;

Kunenepa (chifukwa chachikulu)
Jelling nature (chifukwa chachikulu)
Kumaliza
Kuchita thovu
Kumamatira
Kukhazikika
Emulsifying
Kupanga mafilimu
Kumanga madzi

Kodi Gelatin Amapangidwa ndi Chiyani?

“Gelatin amapangidwa ndi kunyozetsa ziwalo zathupi za Collagen.” Mwachitsanzo, mafupa, minyewa ya nyama, minyewa, ndi khungu, zomwe zili ndi Collagen yambiri, amaziwiritsa m’madzi kapena amaziphika kuti asinthe Collagen kukhala gelatin.

Chithunzi No 1 Industrial Production ya Gelatin

Makampani ambiri padziko lonse lapansi amapanga Collagen mu izi 5-masitepe;
i) Kukonzekera: Pa sitepe iyi, ziwalo za nyama, monga khungu, mafupa, ndi zina zotero, zimaphwanyidwa kukhala tizidutswa tating'ono ting'ono, kenako n'ziviika mumtsuko wa asidi / alkaline, kenaka kutsukidwa ndi madzi.
ii) Kuchotsa: Mu sitepe yachiwiri iyi, mafupa osweka & khungu amawiritsidwa m'madzi mpaka Collagen yonse yomwe ili mkati mwake isanduke Gelatin ndikusungunuka m'madzi. Kenaka mafupa onse, khungu, ndi mafuta amachotsedwa, ndikusiya madzi a gelatin.
iii) Kuyeretsa: Gelatin solution imakhalabe ndi mafuta ambiri ndi mchere (calcium, sodium, chloride, etc.), zomwe zimachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zosefera ndi njira zina.
iv) Kukhuthala: Gelatin-rich pure solution imatenthedwa mpaka itakhazikika ndikukhala madzi a viscous. Njira yotenthetserayi idachotsanso njira yothetsera. Pambuyo pake, yankho la viscous limakhazikika kuti lisinthe Gelatin kukhala mawonekedwe olimba.v) Kumaliza: Pomaliza, Gelatin yolimba imadutsa mu fyuluta ya maenje a perforated, ndikupereka mawonekedwe a Zakudyazi. Ndipo pambuyo pake, Zakudyazi za gelatinzi amaphwanyidwa kuti apange ufa womaliza, womwe mafakitale ena ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ngati zopangira.

2) Gelatin amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku?

Gelatin ndi mbiri yakale yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu chikhalidwe cha anthu. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, Gelatin + Collagen phala idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati guluu zaka chikwi zapitazo. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito koyamba kwa Gelatin kwa chakudya ndi mankhwala akuyerekezedwa kuti kunali pafupi ndi 3100 BC (Nyengo Yaku Egypt). Kupita patsogolo, kuzungulira zaka zapakati (5th ~ 15th century AD), mankhwala okoma ngati odzola adagwiritsidwa ntchito m'bwalo la England.

M'zaka zathu za 21st, Gelatin amagwiritsa ntchito mwaukadaulo wopanda malire; tidzagawaniza ntchito za Gelatin 3-magulu akuluakulu;

i) Chakudya

ii) Zodzoladzola

iii) Zamankhwala

i) Chakudya

The thickening ndi jellying katundu wa Gelatin ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kutchuka kwake kosagwirizana ndi chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku, monga;

Chithunzi No 2 Gelatin ntchito chakudya

➢ Makeke: Gelatin imapangitsa kuti zokutira zotsekemera komanso thovu pamakeke ophika buledi zotheka.

➢ Cream Tchizi: Maonekedwe ofewa komanso owoneka bwino a tchizi cha kirimu amapangidwa powonjezera Gelatin.

➢ Aspic: Aspic kapena jelly nyama ndi mbale yopangidwa ndi kutsekera nyama ndi zinthu zina mu Gelatin pogwiritsa ntchito nkhungu.

➢ Kutafuna chingamu: Tonse takhala tikudya chingamu, ndipo khalidwe lotafuna la chingamu ndi chifukwa cha Gelatin mmenemo.

➢ Msuzi & Gravies: Ophika ambiri padziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito Gelatin ngati chowonjezera kuti aziwongolera kusasinthasintha kwa mbale zawo.

➢ Zimbalangondo za Gummy: Mitundu yonse ya maswiti, kuphatikiza zimbalangondo zodziwika bwino, zili ndi Gelatin mkati mwake, zomwe zimawapatsa zinthu zotafuna.

➢ Marshmallows: Paulendo uliwonse wakumisasa, ma marshmallows amakhala pachimake pamoto uliwonse, ndipo chilengedwe chonse cha marshmallows chofewa komanso chofewa chimapita ku Gelatin.

ii) Zodzoladzola

➢ Ma Shampoos & Conditioners: Masiku ano, zakumwa zosamalira tsitsi za Gelatin zilipo pamsika, zomwe zimati zimakulitsa tsitsi nthawi yomweyo.

➢ Masks kumaso: Masks a gelatin-peel-off akukhala njira yatsopano chifukwa Gelatin imakhala yovuta pakapita nthawi, ndipo imachotsa maselo ambiri omwe amafa pakhungu mukaichotsa.

➢ Ma Creams & Moisturizers: Gelatin imapangidwa ndi Collagen, yomwe imathandiza kwambiri kuti khungu liwoneke laling'ono, kotero kuti mankhwala osamalira khungu opangidwa ndi Gelatin amati amatha makwinya komanso amapereka khungu losalala.

Gelatin amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzinthu zambiri zodzikongoletsera ndi zosamalira khungu, monga;

Chithunzi 3 Gleatin amagwiritsa ntchito ma shampoos ndi zinthu zina zodzikongoletsera

iii) Zamankhwala

Mankhwala ndi ntchito yachiwiri yaikulu ya gelatin, monga;

Chithunzi cha 4 makapisozi a Gelatin ofewa komanso olimba

Makapisozi: Gelatin ndi puloteni yopanda mtundu komanso yopanda kukoma yokhala ndi ma jelling, motero imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga makapisozi omwe amakhala ngati chophimba komanso njira yoperekera mankhwala ambiri & zowonjezera.

Zowonjezera: Gelatin imapangidwa kuchokera ku Collagen, ndipo imakhala ndi amino acid ofanana ndi Collagen, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kumwa gelatin kumalimbikitsa mapangidwe a Collagen m'thupi lanu ndikuthandizira khungu lanu kuti liwoneke laling'ono.

3) Kodi zamasamba ndi zamasamba zimatha kudya Gelatin?

"Ayi, gelatin imachokera ku ziwalo za nyama, kotero kuti nyama kapena zamasamba sizingadye gelatin."

Odya zamasamba amapewa kudya nyama ya nyama ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku nyamayo (monga gelatin yopangidwa kuchokera ku mafupa ndi khungu la nyama). Komabe, amalola kudya mazira, mkaka, ndi zina zotero, bola ngati nyama zikusungidwa bwino.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, nyama zakutchire zimapewa nyama yanyama ndi mitundu yonse ya zinthu monga Gelatin, mazira, mkaka, ndi zina zotero. Mwachidule, zinyama zimaganiza kuti nyama sizosangalatsa kapena chakudya cha anthu, ndipo ziribe kanthu, ziyenera kukhala zaulere & sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwanjira iliyonse.

Chifukwa chake, gelatin ndiyoletsedwa kwathunthu ndi omwe amadya zakudya zamasamba komanso zamasamba chifukwa amachokera kukupha nyama. Koma monga mukudziwa, Gelatin imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzodzola, zakudya, & mankhwala; popanda izo, thickening sizingatheke. Choncho, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi nyama, asayansi apanga zinthu zambiri zamtundu wina zomwe zimagwira ntchito mofanana koma zomwe sizimachokera ku zinyama mwanjira iliyonse, ndipo zina mwa izi ndi;

Chithunzi cha 5 Gelatin m'malo mwa nyama zamasamba ndi zamasamba

i) Pectin: Amachokera ku zipatso za citrus ndi maapulo, ndipo amatha kuchita ngati stabilizer, emulsifier, jelling, ndi thickening agent, monga Gelatin.

ii) Agar-Agar: Amatchedwanso agarose kapena kungoti agar ndiye amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo mwa Gelatin m'makampani azakudya (ayisikilimu, soups, ndi zina). Amachokera ku zomera zofiira za m'nyanja.

iii) Jel ​​wa Vegan: Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, gel wa vegan amapangidwa posakaniza zambiri zochokera ku zomera monga chingamu, dextrin, adipic acid, ndi zina zotero. Zimapereka zotsatira ngati gelatin.

iv) Guar Gum: Gelatin ya vegan iyi imachokera ku mbewu za guar ( Cyamopsis tetragonoloba ) ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pophika buledi (simagwira ntchito bwino ndi sosi ndi zakudya zamadzimadzi).

v) Xantham chingamu: Amapangidwa ndi kupesa shuga ndi bakiteriya wotchedwa Xanthomonas campestris. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pophika buledi, nyama, keke, ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi chakudya monga m'malo mwa Gelatin kwa odya zamasamba ndi nyama.

vi) Arrowroot: Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, arrowroot amachokera ku chitsa cha zomera zosiyanasiyana za kumadera otentha monga Maranta arundinacea, Zamia integrifolia, ndi zina zotero. Amagulitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a ufa m'malo mwa Gelatin makamaka msuzi ndi zakudya zina zamadzimadzi.

vii) Chimanga: Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati Gelatin m'malo mwa maphikidwe ena ndipo imachokera ku chimanga. Komabe, pali kusiyana kwakukulu kuwiri; cornstarch imakhuthala pamene ikutenthedwa, pamene gelatin imakula pamene ikuzizira; Gelatin imawonekera, pomwe chimanga sichimawonekera.

viii) Carrageenan: Amachokeranso ku red seaweed monga agar-agar, koma onse amachokera ku zomera zosiyana; carrageenan amachokera ku Chondrus crispus, pamene agar amachokera ku Gelidium ndi Gracilaria. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa izi ndikuti carrageenan ilibe zakudya zopatsa thanzi, pomwe agar-agar ili ndi ulusi & ma micronutrients ambiri.

4) Kodi phindu la gelatin ndi chiyani m'thupi la munthu?

Monga Gelatin imapangidwa kuchokera ku mapuloteni opangidwa mwachibadwa Collagen, amapereka ubwino wambiri wathanzi ngati atatengedwa mu mawonekedwe oyera, monga;

i) Imachepetsa Kukalamba Kwa Khungu

ii) Imathandiza Kuonda

iii) Amalimbikitsa tulo tabwino

iv) Limbitsani Mafupa & Mgwirizano

v) Amachepetsa Kuopsa kwa Matenda a Mtima

vi) Kuteteza Ziwalo & Kupititsa patsogolo Kagayidwe ka M'mimba

vii) Chepetsani Nkhawa Komanso Kukhala Wachangu

i) Imachepetsa Kukalamba Kwa Khungu

Chithunzi cha 6.1 Gelatin imapereka khungu losalala komanso laling'ono

Collagen imapangitsa khungu lathu kukhala losalala, lopanda makwinya komanso lofewa. Kwa ana ndi achinyamata, milingo ya Collagen ndi yayikulu. Komabe, pambuyo pa 25, kupanga Collagen kumayamba kuchepa, khungu lathu lotayirira, mizere yabwino & makwinya amayamba kuoneka, ndipo pamapeto pake khungu la ukalamba.

Monga momwe mwaonera, anthu ena azaka za m’ma 20 amayamba kuyang’ana m’zaka zawo za m’ma 30 kapena 40; ndi chifukwa cha kudya kwawo kosakwanira (kuchepa kwa collagen) ndi kusasamala. Ndipo ngati mukufuna kuti khungu lanu likhale lofewa, lopanda makwinya, komanso laling'ono, ngakhale muzaka za m'ma 70, tikulimbikitsidwa kulimbikitsa kupanga kolajeni m'thupi lanu ndikusamalira khungu lanu (kutuluka pang'ono padzuwa, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta odzola a dzuwa, ndi zina zotero.)

Koma vuto apa ndikuti simungathe kugaya Collagen mwachindunji; zomwe mungachite ndikutenga zakudya zokhala ndi amino acid zomwe zimapanga Collagen, ndipo njira yabwino kwambiri yochitira zimenezi ndi kudya Gelatin chifukwa Gelatin imachokera ku Collagen (ma amino acid ofanana mu kapangidwe kawo).

ii) Imathandiza Kuonda

Ndizodziwika bwino kuti zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri zimatha kukuthandizani kuti mukhale okhuta kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa mapuloteni amatenga nthawi yambiri kuti agayidwe. Chifukwa chake, mudzakhala ndi zilakolako zochepa za chakudya, ndipo ma calories omwe mumadya tsiku ndi tsiku sakhala olamulirika.

Kuphatikiza apo, zilinso mu kafukufuku kuti ngati mumadya zakudya zomanga thupi tsiku lililonse, thupi lanu limayamba kukana zilakolako za njala. Chifukwa chake, gelatin, yomwe ndi mapuloteni oyera, ngati itengedwa pafupifupi magalamu 20 patsiku, imathandizira kuwongolera kudya kwanu.

Chithunzi 6.2 Gelatin imapangitsa kuti m'mimba mukhale odzaza ndikuthandizira kuchepetsa thupi

iii) Amalimbikitsa tulo tabwino

Chithunzi cha 6.3 Gelation imalimbikitsa kugona bwino

Pakafukufuku, gulu lomwe linali ndi vuto logona linapatsidwa 3 magalamu a Gelatin, pamene gulu lina lomwe linali ndi vuto logona lomwe silinapatsidwe kalikonse, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti anthu omwe ali ndi gelatin amagona bwino kwambiri kuposa ena.

Komabe, kafukufukuyu siwowona zasayansi, chifukwa mamiliyoni azinthu mkati ndi kunja kwa thupi zimatha kukhudza zotsatira zomwe zawonedwa. Koma, kafukufuku wasonyeza zotsatira zabwino, ndipo monga Gelatin imachokera ku Collagen yachilengedwe, kotero kutenga 3 magalamu a tsiku ndi tsiku sikungakupwetekeni monga mapiritsi ogona kapena mankhwala ena.

iv) Limbitsani Mafupa & Mgwirizano

Chithunzi 6.4 Gelation imapanga collagen yomwe imapanga mapangidwe a mafupa

"M'thupi la munthu, Collagen imapanga 30 ~ 40% ya mafupa onse. Ngakhale kuti collagen ili m'magulu a mafupa, imapanga ⅔ (66.66%) ya kulemera kwake kouma. Choncho, Collagen ndiyofunikira kuti mafupa ndi mafupa amphamvu, ndipo gelatin ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira Collagen.

Monga mukudziwira kale, gelatin imachokera ku Collagen, ndipo gelatin amino acid ndi pafupifupi ofanana ndi Collagen, kotero kudya tsiku ndi tsiku gelatin kumalimbikitsa kupanga kolajeni.

Matenda ambiri okhudzana ndi mafupa, makamaka kwa anthu okalamba, monga osteoarthritis, nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, osteoporosis, ndi zina zotero, zomwe mafupa amayamba kufooka ndi ziwalo zimawonongeka, zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwakukulu, kuuma, kupweteka, ndipo pamapeto pake kusasunthika. Komabe, poyesera, zikuwoneka kuti anthu omwe amatenga magalamu a 2 a Gelatin tsiku ndi tsiku akuwonetsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kutupa (kupweteka kochepa) ndi kuchira msanga.

v) Amachepetsa Kuopsa kwa Matenda a Mtima

Gelatin imathandiza kuchepetsa mankhwala ambiri ovulaza, makamaka omwe angayambitse matenda a mtima.

Chithunzi cha 6.5 Gelation imakhala ngati neutralizer motsutsana ndi mankhwala oopsa a mtima

Ambiri aife timadya nyama tsiku lililonse, zomwe mosakayikira zimathandiza kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri. Komabe, pali mankhwala ena mu nyama, monga methionine, omwe, ngati amwedwa mopitirira muyeso, angayambitse kuchuluka kwa homocysteine ​​​​kumene kumapangitsa kutupa m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha sitiroko. Komabe, gelatin imagwira ntchito ngati mankhwala achilengedwe a methionine ndikuthandizira milingo yayikulu ya homocysteine ​​​​kupewa mavuto okhudzana ndi mtima.

vi) Kuteteza Ziwalo & Kupititsa patsogolo Kagayidwe ka M'mimba

M'matupi onse anyama, Collagen imapanga chophimba chotetezera pa ziwalo zonse zamkati, kuphatikizapo mkati mwa kugaya chakudya. Chifukwa chake, kusunga ma Collagen m'thupi ndikofunikira, ndipo njira yabwino yochitira izi ndi Gelatin.

Iwo anaona kuti kutenga Gelatin kumalimbikitsa chapamimba asidi kupanga m`mimba, amene amathandiza bwino chimbudzi cha chakudya ndi kumathandiza kupewa bloating, kudzimbidwa, gasi zosafunika, etc. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Glycine mu Gelatin kumawonjezera akalowa mucosal pa m`mimba makoma, amene amathandiza m`mimba kukhala chimbudzi kuchokera chapamimba asidi ake.

Chithunzi cha 6.6 Gelatin ili ndi glycine yomwe imathandiza m'mimba kudziteteza

vii) Chepetsani Nkhawa Komanso Kukhala Wachangu

"Glycine mu Gelatin imathandizira kukhalabe ndi nkhawa komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino."

Chithunzi 7 Kusangalala chifukwa cha gelatin

Glycine amaonedwa kuti ndi chinthu choletsa ubongo, ndipo anthu ambiri amachitenga ngati chinthu chochepetsera nkhawa kuti akhalebe ndi malingaliro otakataka. Komanso, ambiri a Spinal cord inhibitory synapses amagwiritsa ntchito Glycine, ndipo kusowa kwake kungayambitse ulesi kapena mavuto amalingaliro.

Chifukwa chake, kudya tsiku ndi tsiku gelatin kumatsimikizira kagayidwe kabwino ka glycine m'thupi, zomwe zimachepetsa kupsinjika komanso kukhala ndi moyo wokangalika.